背诵为王第四册文本+MP3(页 1) - 英语资料下载及其他 - 大家论坛

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 20:59

背诵为王第四册文本+MP3

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson1 Power of Architecture Architecture is to be regarded by us with the most serious thought. We may live without her, and worship without her, but we cannot remember without her. How cold is all history, how lifeless all imagery, compared to that which the living nation writes, and the uncorrupted marble bears! --how many pages of doubtful record might we not often spare, for a few stones left one upon another! The ambition of the old Babel builders was well directed for this world: there are but two strong conquerors of the forgetfulness of men. Poetry and Architecture; and the latter in some sort includes the former, and is mightier in its reality: it is well to have, not only what men have thought and felt, but what their hands have handled, and their strength wrought, and their eyes behold, all the days of their life. Imaginary n. （文学作品中的）意像、形像 behold vt. 看 wrought vt. (work 的过去式和过去分词 ) 精心制作 建筑的力量 我们应该以最严肃认真的态度来看待建筑。没有建筑，我们可以生存，可以崇拜上帝，但是我们就会失去记忆。与现存的民族记录下来的和依然如新的大理石展示给我们的东西相比，历史是那么凄冷，想象力是那么毫无生气。几块垒在一起的石头会给我们省下多少张满是疑点的记录。 古老的通天塔的建设者们的雄心对这个世界是有很大的指导意义的：只有两样东西能够克服人类的健忘：诗歌和建筑。在某种意义上，建筑包含诗歌，并且事实上比诗歌更具威力：我们不仅可以拥有人在生命的进程中想到和感觉到的东西，还可以拥有人的双手建造的、努力创造的以及看到的东西，这是多么美好呀。</div><div style="DISPLAY: block;"></div>[upload=mp3,01.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49872[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:00

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson2 Parent-children relationship by Bertrand Russell The value of parental affection to children lies largely in the fact that it is more reliable than any other affection. One's friends like one for one's merits, one's lovers for one's charms; if the merits or the charms diminish, friends and lovers may vanish. But it is in times of misfortune that parents are most to be relied upon, in illness, and even in disgrace if the parents are of the right sort. We all feel pleasure when we are admired for our merits, but most of us are sufficiently modest at heart to feel that such admiration is precarious. Our parents love us because we are their children and this is an unalterable fact, so that we feel safer with them than with anyone else. In times of success this may seem unimportant, but in times of failure it affords a consolation and a security not to be found elsewhere. precarious adj. 不稳定的 unalterable adj. 不能变更的 consolation n. 安慰 , 起安慰作用的人或事物 父母和子女的关系 父母对子女的爱比其他任何感情都稳定可靠，在很大程度上这是其价值所在。朋友喜欢我们是因为我们的美德，爱人爱我们是因为我们的魅力。如果这些美德或者魅力减弱了，我们可能会失去朋友和爱人。但是在我们遭遇不幸时，父母是我们最可依赖的。如果遇到好的父母，即使我们声名扫地，也是如此。 有人敬仰我们的美德时，我们都会感到快乐，但是我们大多数人的内心都知道，这种敬仰是不可靠的。我们的父母爱我们是因为我们是他们的子女，这是不可改变的事实，所以和父母在一起时我们会感到比和其他任何人在一起时都安全。我们功成名就时，这可能显得并不重要。但是在我们失意的时候，父母给予我们的安慰和安全感是通过其他任何途径都无法得到的。</div>[upload=mp3,02.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49873[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:02

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson3 The Computer and Privacy In the last 20 years, the productivity of the computer has increased over 1,000%. With this kind of technological advance, the possibility of storing more and more information at a central point is growing at a phenomenal rate. But so is the possibility of gaining access to the stored information. And that raises serious questions regarding personal privacy. For some time now, there has been a growing effort in many European countries to preserve the individual's privacy in the face of expanding requirements for information by business, government and other organizations. In some countries, legislation has been enacted to protect the individual's privacy. In others, it is under study. In searching for appropriate legislative guidelines, private and governmental groups have explored many avenues and considered many aspects of the problem. Solutions must be found. And they will call for patient understanding and the best efforts of everyone concerned. pledge vt. 保证 legislation n. 立法 电脑和隐私 在过去二十年里，电脑生产率的增长超过百分之一千。在这种技术进步的条件下，把越来越多的信息储存在一个中心点的技术已经获得了惊人的发展，同样，访问这些已经储存起来的信息的技术也突飞猛进。这就引出了有关个人隐私的严重问题。 面对商业、政府和其他组织不断膨胀的对信息的要求，有段时间以来，在许多欧洲国家有一股不断增长的要求保护个人隐私的努力。 在一些国家，已经立法来保护个人隐私。在其他国家里，这个问题还正在研究中。 为了寻找合适的立法指导方针，民间和政府团体系统地研究了许多途径，考虑了这个问题的许多方面。 解决方案必须找到，但这需要人们的宽容和理解，有关的每个人都要尽其最大的努力。</div>[upload=mp3,03.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49874[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:05

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson4 Work In the laws of political economy, the alienation of the worker from his product is expressed as follow: the more the worker produces, the less he has to consume; the more value he creates, the more valueless, the more unworthy he becomes; the better formed is his product, the more deformed becomes the worker; the more civilized his product, the more brutalized becomes the worker and the more he becomes nature@s bondsman. Political economy conceals the alienation inherent in labour by avoiding any mention of the evil effects of work on those who work. Thus, whereas labour produces miracles for the rich, for the worker it produces destitution. Labour produces palaces but for the workers, hovels. It produces beauty, but it cripples the worker. It replaces labour by machines, but how does it treat the worker? By throwing some workers back into a barbarous kind of work, and by turning the rest into machines. It produces intelligence, but for the worker, stupidity and cretinism. alienation 异化 brutalize 使...变得残酷无情 bondsman 奴隶 inherent 固有的, 内在的 hovel 简陋小屋 cretinism ［医］呆小病, 愚侏病 劳动 政治经济学原理对劳动者与自己生产的产品的异化有如下表述：工人产出的越多，消费能力就越小；创造的价值越多，自己就越不值钱，工人的价值就越低；产品的性能越好，工人受损害的程度就越大；产品的文明程度越高，工人就变得越没有感情，越来越成为大自然的奴隶。 政治经济学没有提到工作对劳动者的有害影响，因而隐藏了劳动具有的内在的异化劳动者的本质特性。这样，虽然劳动为富人创造了奇迹，却给劳动者带来了贫困。劳动建造了宫殿，劳动者却住在简陋小屋里。劳动产生了美丽，却严重损害了劳动者。机器取代了人工劳动，那么劳动者受到了怎样的待遇呢？一些劳动者被迫从事低级繁重的工作，其他的都变成了机器。劳动带来了智慧，带给劳动者的却是愚昧和痴呆。</div>[upload=mp3,04.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49875[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:07

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson5 A Tip for Readers Living Alone For years my Great Aunt Maud lived alone in a remote cottage beside a road in the Welsh hills. Yet she was never afraid of being attacked or robbed because she had devised a unique way of protecting herself. Hanging in the lobby of her house, and visible from the front door was a policeman's hat. Naturally anyone calling at the house immediately noticed the hat and assumed that there was a policeman living there. Aunt Maud never had any trouble from doorstep dodgers or people calling at the house to try and find out if it was worth burgling. She felt quite safe. After her death, her cottage was cleared out, and the policeman's hat was packed away in a suitcase and forgotten. Just the other day I came across it, and remembering Aunt Maud's idea, I hung it on a peg in the hall for any caller to see as soon as the door opens. I really feel safe and snug now that it's there! dodger 骗子 snug 舒服、安全 送给独居读者的建议 我的莫德姑婆曾独自一人住在威尔士山区路边的一座偏僻房子里多年，但是她从来就不担心被袭击或者被抢劫，因为她设计了一种独特的方式来保护自己。她把一顶警官的帽子挂在房子的门厅里，从前门就可以看到。自然地，拜访这座房子的人立刻就能注意到这顶帽子，就会认为这里住着一位警官。莫德姑婆从来就没有受到门前踩点的歹徒的滋扰，这些人通常会来到房子门口探测这家是否可以盗窃。她感到很安全。 她去世后，她的房子给清空了，那顶警官帽子被打包装进了手提箱内，被大家遗忘了。几天前，我偶然又看到了这顶帽子，想起了莫德姑婆的方法。我把它挂在大厅里的木栓上，门一开来访者就能看到。有帽子在这儿，我确实感到安全有了保障。</div>[upload=mp3,05.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49876[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:09

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson6 Technological Advances No one can deny that technology is transforming the way we live at a breathtaking rate. It is hard to believe that only a few years ago the great majority of people were still communicating by letter and traditional telephones. Now e-mail and cell phones are rapidly replacing the old forms of communication. Just around the corner are robot vacuum cleaners and cars which automatically keep a safe distance from the car ahead. All these technological advances make our lives increasingly more comfortable and convenient. Just as the dishwasher, clothes washer and dryer and microwave oven made life easier and created more leisure time for our parents generation, the technological advances of the future will create an even more leisurely life for the future generation.What worries some people, however, is that the technological devices which are transforming our lives are at the same time leading to less human interaction. In the future people will have to be watchful to prevent technology from diminishing our personal contacts with our fellow human beings. 技术进步 没有人能够否认技术在以惊人的速度改变我们的生活方式。很难相信，仅在几年前大多数人仍在使用信件和传统电话进行通讯。现在电子邮件和移动电话正在迅速取代旧的通讯方式。遥控的真空吸尘器和能够自动与前面汽车保持安全距离的车很快就会出现。 所有这些技术进步使我们的生活日益舒适和便利。正如洗碗机、洗衣机、烘干机和微波炉让我们的父辈生活得更加轻松，创造了更多的空暇时光，未来技术上的进步会为后代带来比现在更安逸的生活。 然而，令许多人担心的是，技术装置在改变我们生活的同时也减少了人与人之间的交往。在将来，人们必须警惕，防止技术减少我们与其他人的交往。</div>[upload=mp3,06.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49877[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:10

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson7 On the Industrialization The process of industrialization involved the harnessing of inanimate sources of energy, the replacement of handicraft production with machine-based manufacturing, and the generation of new forms of business and labor organization. Along with industrialization came demographic growth, large-scale migration, and rapid urbanization, which increased the demand for manufactured goods by the masses of working people. Societies that underwent industrialization enjoyed sharp increases in economic productivity: they produced large quantities of high-quality goods at low prices, and their increased productivity translated into higher material standards of living. Yet industrialization brought costs, in the form of unsettling social problems, as well as benefits. Family life changed dramatically in the industrial age as men, women, and children increasingly left their homes to work in factories and mines, often under appalling condition. Socialist critics sought to bring about a more just and equitable society and government authorities curtailed the worst abuses of the early industrial era. Governments and labor unions both worked to raise living standards and provide security for working people. Meanwhile, industrialization increasingly touched the lives of peoples around the world. Western European, North American, and Japanese societies followed Britain's lead into industrialization, while many African, Asian, and Latin American land become dependent on the export of raw materials to industrial societies. inanimate 无生命的；无生气的 demographic 人口的；人口统计学的 urbanization 城市化 curtail 缩短；减缩；限制 论工业化 工业化进程包括利用无生命的能源、以机器生产代替手工业生产以及产生新的商业和劳动组织形式。伴随着工业化会出现人口增长、大规模移民和快速城市化，这加剧了劳动大众对工业制成品的需求。在经历工业化的社会里，经济生产率急速增长：以低廉的价格生产出大量的优质商品，而生产率的增长提高了物质生活水平。然而，在带来福利的同时，工业化也带来了成本，其体现是那些随之产生的令人不安的社会问题。工业化时代的家庭生活发生了急剧的变化，越来越多的男人、女人和儿童离开家园到工厂和矿山工作，他们的工作条件通常极差。社会主义批判家们试图建立一个更公平和平等的社会，政府部门制止了早期工业时代最严重的弊端。政府和工会都努力提高人们的生活水平，为劳动人民提供保障。同时，工业化越来越多地触及到世界各地人们的生活。在英国的带领下，西欧、北美、和日本的社会相继进入了工业化时代，而许多非洲、亚洲，和拉丁美洲的国家依赖于向工业社会出口原材料。</div>[upload=mp3,07.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49878[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:12

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson8 Air Rage Forty years ago, Americans planning a long trip overwhelmingly chose to travel by car or train, or if going overseas, by ship. Air travel was still a relatively expensive means of transportation favoured by wealthy Americans. These days air travel is an integral part of the lives of the large majority of travellers in the United States. The cost of an air ticket has not changed much since 1960, while the average American's buying power has increased ten times. Even in the past ten years, air travel by Americans has increased by 37 percent.Unfortunately the construction of new airports and the training of personnel have not kept pace with the demand for more flights. These shortfalls, along with the usual, frequent occurrences of bad weather, have resulted in a large number of delays in both departures and arrivals of airplanes across the country. In fact, delays affected 40 percent of all domestic flights during the past year. These delays have contributed to increased frustration among travellers and outbreaks of violent behaviour during flights, a new phenomenon known as "air rage." overwhelmingly 压倒性地 shortfall 不足 outbreak 爆发 飞机旅行暴怒症 四十年前，美国人计划长途旅行的话，绝大多数选择汽车或火车出行，如果出国，则选择船。飞机旅行只是富裕的美国人青睐的一种相对昂贵的交通方式。 现在飞机旅行成了美国绝大多数出游者生活的不可缺少的一部分。自1960年以来，飞机票的价格没怎么变化，而普通美国人的购买力已经增长了十倍。即使在过去的十年中，坐飞机旅行的美国人增长了百分之三十七。 不幸的是，新机场的建设和机组人员的培训赶不上对航空旅行的需求。这些不足和经常出现的恶劣天气，导致国内飞行中经常发生推迟起飞和延误到达。事实上，去年有百分之四十的国内飞行受到延误的影响。这些延误给旅行者带来越来越多的愤怒和痛苦，导致航空旅行中的暴力行为，这是一种被称之为“飞机旅行暴怒症”的新现象。</div>[upload=mp3,08.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49879[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:14

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson9 Police Life The average citizen in the United States has very little personal contact with the police. Contacts most frequently occur in two contexts: Americans sometimes approach a policeman to ask for street directions; and police sometimes stop a motorist for speeding or some other traffic violation. Neither of these situations is usually violent or life-threatening. However, the life of a policeman in a large American city can be both violent and life-threatening almost on a daily basis. This is especially true for police assigned to patrol the poorest sections of the city where most violent crimes take place. Here police routinely come in contact with drug dealers, armed robbers, muggers and the like. If a policeman is exposed for too long a period of time to these types of people from the lowest level of society, they run the risk of being injured or of developing a prejudice against all the residents of the poor districts of the city. For this reason, the police chief regularly changes policemen's assignments so that they can escape from the tension and danger of patrols in the ghetto. These other assignments might be deskwork or controlling traffic. patrol 巡逻 mugger 行凶抢劫者 ghetto 少数民族聚居的地区,贫民区 警察生活 美国普通民众很少与警察有私人接触。大多数接触经常发生在两种情境下：找警察问路时，和因驾车超速或违反其他交通规则被警察拦停时。 通常这些情形都不会有暴力发生，也不会危及生命。 然而，美国大城市里的警察生活几乎每天都面临暴力和生命危险。对于负责巡逻暴力犯罪多发的城市最贫穷地区的警察来说，尤其如此。这里和警察日常打交道的都是毒品贩子、带武器的抢劫犯、走私犯和诸如此类的人。 如果一个警察太长时间置身于这类来自社会最底层的人员之中，他们会有受伤或对城市里贫困街区的居民形成偏见的危险。正因如此，警察局长定期调整警察的任务，让他们远离巡逻贫民区的压力和危险。其他任务有可能是文书工作或交通监管。</div>[upload=mp3,09.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49880[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:15

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson10 The Country Maid and Her Milk Can A country maid was walking along with a can of milk upon her head, when she fell into the following train of reflections: "The money for which I shall sell this milk will enable me to increase my stock of eggs to three hundred. These eggs, allowing for what may prove addle and what may be destroyed by vermin, will produce at least 250 chickens. The chickens will be fit to carry to market just at the time when poultry is always dear; so that by the New Year I can not fail to have enough money to purchase a new gown. Green - let me consider - yes, green becomes my complexion best, and green it shall be. In this dress I will go to the fair, where all the young fellows will strive to have me for a partner; but no, I shall refuse every one of them, and with a disdainful toss turn from them."Transported with this idea, she could not forbear acting with her head the thought that thus passed in her mind; when, down came the can of milk! All her imaginary happiness vanished in a moment. addle 腐坏的 vermin 害虫 disdainful 轻蔑的 forbear 忍耐 农家姑娘和她的牛奶桶 一位农家姑娘头顶着一桶牛奶在路上走的时候，心里浮想联翩。“卖牛奶的钱将使我能把我储存的鸡蛋数量增加到三百个，这些鸡蛋，除去臭蛋和被虫子破坏的，将至少能够孵出两百五十只小鸡。小鸡长到可以拿到市场上买的时候，刚好是家禽的价格总是很贵的时候，这样在新年到来前，我就能攒够钱买一件新的长外衣。绿色的……让我再想一想……好，绿色最适合我的肤色，就要绿色的。我要穿着这件衣服到集市上去，那里所有的年轻人将争着和我跳舞。但是，不，我要一个个地拒绝他们，轻蔑地头一摇，转身而去。”想到这里，她禁不住把头脑中的这个念头付诸于行动。她头一摇，牛奶桶掉了下来。她所有幻想的幸福都在瞬间消失了。</div>[upload=mp3,10.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49881[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:17

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson11 English Spelling English spelling is a "headache" for native and non-native speakers alike. As a student of mine once commented, English spelling must have been invented by one of the devil's helpers. Do we need a spelling reform? At first, the logical answer is yes. A reform would make the language easier for everybody. It would modernize the old-fashioned spelling which was standardized before Modern English was "born". A spelling reform is not a simple matter. First of all, it would be very expensive. Second, if spelling is supposed to reflect pronunciation, then what pronunciation should we use - R.P., American English, or some compromise? Once the decision is made, will all the speakers accept the changes? A spelling reform could start a linguistic war! Finally there is another important consideration. Change is the natural law for all languages. It occurs more rapidly in speech than in writing. Writing slows down the speed of change, because it is more conservative than speech. Writing also acts as a unifying link among the spoken varieties. A spelling reform would weaken the stability of the written language and thus undermine its unity. If this happened, English would no longer be a language for international communication. conservative 保守的, 守旧的 英语拼写 英语拼写对以英语为母语的人和不以英语为母语的人来说一样令人头痛。我的一位学生曾经说，英语的拼写肯定是魔鬼的帮手发明的。 我们是不是需要一次拼写改革？乍一看，肯定的回答才合乎情理。改革将使每个人学英语更容易，使在现代英语诞生之前就已经标准化的、早已过时的英语拼写更适应现代需要。 拼写的改革并非易事。首先，花费会很高。其次，如果单词的拼写要反映其发音，那么我们应该采用何种发音呢，英国标准发音、美国发音还是两者的折中？一旦做出了决定，是否所有说英语的人都能接受这些改变呢？拼写改革可能会引发一场有关语言的大争论。 最后还有很重要的一点要考虑。语言的演变是适用所有语言的自然法则，口头语比书面语的演变发生的更快。书面语比口头语趋于保守，能减慢演变的速度，书面语在不同的口头语之间起着连接统一的作用。 拼写改革将削弱书面语的稳定性，从而破坏其统一性。如果这样的话，英语将不再是国际间交流的语言了。</div>[upload=mp3,11.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49882[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:21

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson12 Short-term and Long-term Memory A well-established distinction in memory theory is that between short-term and long-term memory. The former refers to our ability to do such things as remember telephone numbers long enough to dial them; the latter concerns the wide range of ways in which experiences can affect behavior many years later. Given the two different kinds of ability, it is reasonable to hypothesize that each is represented differently in the brain. An experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that long-term memory implies a chemical change in the brain cells while short-term memory involves patterns of impulses in circuits of nerve cells. One group of rats was taught to run through a maze. Five minutes after learning the task, they were cooled to 50C., the temperature at which all electrical activity in the brain ceases. They were then kept at this temperature for 15 minutes before being allowed to return to their normal temperature. They were then run through the maze again.A second group of rats were taught to run the same maze, and then immediately cooled to 50℃. for 15 minutes. After being allowed to return to their normal temperature, an attempt was made to run the second group through the maze again. It was found that rats in the first group had no difficulty with the maze the second time, suggesting that they did not have to relearn the task. Rats in the group which was cooled immediately after learning the maze, on the other hand, could not negotiate the maze successfully, i.e., they apparently could not remember what they had learned. It was concluded from this experiment that short-term memory is unlike long-term memory. Short-term memory involves electrical impulses since at a temperature where electrical activity ceases, there is no memory. Long-term memory, in contrast, is unaffected by the disruption of electrical activity and may involve structural changes in brain cells. 短时和长时记忆 记忆理论中一个得到公认的区别是短时记忆和长时记忆之间的区别。短时记忆指的是我们能记住电话号以便拨打所需的能力，长时记忆涉及到曾经拥有的经历在几年后仍能影响行为的诸多方式。既然存在着这两种不同的能力，假定它们在大脑里有着不同的表现方式就是理所当然的了。科学家们认为长时记忆牵涉到脑细胞的化学变化，而短时记忆涉及到神经细胞里线路的脉冲方式，他们设计了一个试验来验证这个假设。 科学家们教会了一组老鼠如何走迷宫。学会后五分钟，它们被冷却到了五摄氏度，在这一温度，大脑里所有的电活动都会停止。保持在这一温度十五分钟之后，它们恢复到正常的体温。然后，它们被再次放入到了迷宫中。 第二组老鼠学会如何走同样的这个迷宫之后，马上就被冷却到五摄氏度并保持十五分钟。在恢复到正常体温后，科学家们试图让第二组老鼠再次走迷宫。结果发现第一组老鼠在第二次很轻松地就走出了迷宫，说明它们不必重新学习这项任务。然而，学会走迷宫之后马上就被冷却的第二组老鼠却不能成功地走出迷宫，也就是说，它们明显记不起已经学会的东西了。 这个实验的结论是，短时记忆和长时记忆是有区别的。短时记忆涉及到电脉冲，因为在电活动停止的温度条件下，记忆就不存在了。相比之下，长时记忆不会受到电活动中断的影响，可能会涉及脑细胞的结构改变。</div>[upload=mp3,12.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49883[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:23

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson13 Changes of Life Caused by Computers and Automobiles The computer and the automobile, the mainstays of modern life, share similar pasts. The computer, which has only recently become a common feature of most people's homes and offices, had its beginnings in the 1830's. At that time, the British mathematician, Charles Babbage, developed the mechanical computer. In the same way, the first type of automobile was a steam-powered vehicle invented in 1769. The gas-powered car was not mass-produced until Henry Ford's Model T in 1915, and did not become a common possession for Americans until several decades later. Although both the computer and the automobile took a long time to become integral parts of most people's lives, once they did, they revolutionized the whole world. Today most people would rather drive their car to the office in the city than take public transportation, even though the latter may be cheaper, more convenient and safer. The reason for this is the sense of freedom, independence and privacy afforded by car travel. In the same way, people will now spend a large amount of money to own a computer which allows them to communicate by e-mail instead of by post, and which allows them to obtain information from the Internet instead of the library. mainstay 支柱, 中流砥柱 计算机和汽车带来的生活变化 计算机和汽车，这两个现代生活的支柱，有着相似的过去。计算机，近年来才成为多数人家和办公室的普通用品，发端于1830年。当时，英国数学家查尔斯&#8226;巴布吉制造出了机械式计算机。同样地，1769年发明的蒸汽驱动的汽车是最早的汽车。以汽油驱动的汽车直到1915年亨利&#8226;福特发明了T型车才开始大量生产，直到几十年后才开始为美国人普遍拥有。 尽管计算机和汽车都花了很长时间才成为大多数人生活中的必备品，但一旦成功，它们就彻底改变了整个世界。今天人们大多驾车到城市里上班，而不是乘坐公众交通工具，虽然后者可能更便宜、更便利、更安全。其原因是驾车出行能带来自由感、独立感和私密感。 同样，今天的人们会花一大笔钱买一台电脑，从而可以通过电子邮件而不是传统邮件和他人联系，从互联网上而不是从图书馆里获得信息。</div>[upload=mp3,13.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49884[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:24

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson14 Habit of Reading I read a lot of history, a little philosophy, and a good deal of science. My curiosity was too great to allow me to give much time to reflect on what I read; I could hardly wait to finish one book, so eager was I to begin another. This was always an adventure, and I would start upon a famous work as excitedly as a reasonable young man would go in to bat for his side or a nice girl goes to a dance. Now and then journalists in search of copy ask me what the most thrilling moment of my life is. If I were not ashamed to say, I might answer that it is the moment when I began to read Goethe's Faust. I have never quite lost this feeling, and even now the first pages of a book sometimes send the blood racing through my veins. To me reading is a rest as to other people conversation or a game of cards. It is more than that; it is a necessity, and if I am deprived of it for a little while I find myself as irritable as the addict deprived of his drug. I would sooner read a timetable or a catalogue than nothing at all. irritable 易怒的, 急躁的 阅读的习惯 我读了很多历史书，一些哲学书和大量的科学书籍。我的好奇心太大了，使我根本就没有多少时间来反思我读的内容。我几乎等不及看完一本书，就急切地开始读下一本。阅读总是一个探索的过程，我总是兴高采烈地开始读一本名著，就像是一个有理智的小伙子急着要替自己的一方去击球，或者一个漂亮的女孩急着要去参加舞会。经常会有寻找新闻题材的记者问我，我一生中最激动人心的时刻是什么。我可以大言不惭地说，是我开始读歌德的《浮士德》的时候。 我从来就没有失去过这种感觉，即使是现在，翻开一本书的前几页有时也会使我热血沸腾。对我来说，阅读就是休息，就像其他人会选择闲聊或者打牌。不只如此，阅读是我生命中的必需。一刻不能阅读，我就会烦躁不安，就像一个瘾君子没有了毒品。如果没有东西可读，我就会去读时刻表或者产品目录之类的东西。</div><div style="DISPLAY: block;"></div>[upload=mp3,14.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49885[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:28

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson15 Exercise for Ever! In our pursuit of good health and shapeliness, most of us think immediately of dieting. If only we could eat less, we think, we'd soon be slim, happy and life would be problem-free. It's true that dieting is one answer, though it can be the most agonizing and psychologically destructive, so why not think about it another way. Maybe it's not that we eat too much, but that we exercise too little. Most of us lead terribly sedentary lives; when we're not sitting at our office desks, we're sitting on a bus or a train or in a car or in front of the telly, and we very rarely go for a good brisk walk, let alone exert ourselves more vigorously. Taking regular exercise can mean that you can eat decent, satisfying amounts, while not endangering your figure at all. Exercise, or better still sport - since sport is challenging, exciting and socially enjoyable too - can change your whole attitude to life. It can change a depressive, lethargic person into a happy, active one. It can change a flabby, clumsy person into a firm, perfectly controlled, and graceful one. Exercise, so the doctors tell us, is a necessary antidote to stress, and it will help to keep your heart and lungs working well too. destructive 破坏(性)的 sedentary 久坐的 brisk 活泼的 exert oneself 努力, 出力 vigorously 精力旺盛的, 有力的 lethargic 昏睡的, 瞌睡的 flabby 优柔寡断的, 软弱的 antidote [医]解毒剂, 矫正方法 锻炼身体不停息！ 为了拥有健康身体和苗条身材，我们大多数人都会马上想到节食。我们认为，只要能吃得少一点，很快就能变得苗条、快乐，生活中的问题就会烟消云散。 节食确实是一个方法，但是节食会非常痛苦，会给心理带来损害。那么，为什么不考虑一下另外一种方法呢？可能并不是我们吃得太多，而是我们锻炼的太少了。我们大多数人生活中惯于久坐，很少活动，没有坐在办公桌旁的时候，我们总是坐在公共汽车上、火车上、汽车里或者电视机前，我们很少出去轻快地散步，更不用说运动量再大一点的锻炼方式了。 经常锻炼身体，你就可以吃好吃饱，还不会危及你的身材。锻炼身体，或者更好一点，参加体育运动&&因为体育运动富有挑战性、能振奋人心、能给人带来交际的快乐&&能够完全改变你的生活态度。它能使一个情绪低落、无精打采的人变得快乐并精力充沛。能使一个肌肉松垮、行动笨拙的人变得肌肉结实、生活规律、举止优雅。医生告诉我们，锻炼身体既是减轻压力的必要手段，也能帮助使我们的心肺处于良好的工作状态。</div>[upload=mp3,15.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49886[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:29

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson16 Learning English We thought we knew the English language, having even translated a whole book from English into Russian, when we were in Siberia. I learnt English in prison from a self-instructor, but had never heard a single live English word spoken. Several years later when we arrived in London we found we could not understand a single word, and nobody understood us. At first this was very comical, but although my husband joked about it, he soon got down to the business of learning the language. We started going to all kinds of meetings. We stood in the front row and carefully studied the orator's mouth. We went fairly often to Hyde Park, where speakers harangued the passing crowds on diverse themes. We were particularly keen on listening to one speaker of this kind. He spoke with an Irish accent, which was easier for us to understand. Nearby a Salvation Army officer uttered hysterical shouts in appeal to God Almighty, while a little further on a shop-assistant was holding forth on the hours of servitude of assistants in the big stores... We learnt a great deal by listening to spoken English. Afterwards, by means of an advertisement, my husband found two Englishmen desirous of exchanging lessons, and began studying assiduously with them. He got to know the language fairly well. Siberia 西伯利亚 orator 演讲者 harangue 对...高谈阔论 hold forth 滔滔不绝地表达，诉说 servitude 苦役, 苦役 desirous 渴望的 assiduously 勤勉地, 恳切地 学习英语 我们原以为我们是会英语的，在西伯利亚的时候，我们曾经把一整本书从英语翻译成了俄语。我是在监狱的时候通过自学教程学习英语的，但是从没有听到过有人讲一个活生生的英语单词。几年之后，我们来到了伦敦，却发现自己一个单词也听不懂，也没有人能听懂我们说的英语。开始的时候这非常滑稽。虽然我丈夫拿这个开玩笑，但他也很快开始认认真真地学起了这门语言。 我们开始去参加各种各样的会议。我们站在前排，仔细地观察讲话者的口型。我们经常去海德公园，那里演讲者会对着路过的人群就不同的主题高谈阔论。我们特别喜欢听其中一位演讲者。他说话带有爱尔兰口音，对我们来讲更容易听懂。离他不远，一位救世军军官在歇斯底里地呼唤着万能的主。再远一点，一位店员在滔滔不绝地讲着在大商店里做店员的奴役般的工作……。 通过听这些活生生的英语，我们学到了很多。后来，我丈夫通过做广告找到了两位希望交换学习的英国人，并开始勤奋地和他们一块儿学习。他把英语这门语言学得非常好。</div>[upload=mp3,16.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49887[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:31

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson17 Speaking Two, But Thinking in One My own experience makes me think it only self-deception if any believes that he has two mother-tongues. He may think that he is equally master of each, yet it is invariable the case that he actually thinks in only one and is only in that one really free and creative. If anyone assures me that he has two languages, each as thoroughly familiar to him as the other, I immediately ask him in which of them he counts and reckons, in which he can best give me the names of kitchen utensils and tools used by carpenter or smith, and in which of them he dreams. I have not yet come across anyone who, when thus tested, had not to admit that one of the languages occupied only a second place. I can best describe it by saying that in French I seem to be strolling down the well-kept paths in a fine park, but in German to be wandering at will in a magnificent forest. Always accustomed in French to be careful about the rhythmic arrangement of the sentence, and to strive for simplicity of expression, these things have become equally a necessity to me in German. And now through my work on the French Bach it became clear to me what literary style corresponded to my nature. reckon 计算 stroll 散步 rhythmic 有节奏的，有韵律的 说两门语言，但用一门语言来思考 据我自己的经验，一个人如果认为自己有两种母语，那他只是自欺欺人。他可以认为自己两门语言掌握的都很好，但一成不变的事实是他只会用一门语言来思考，只有在使用这门语言时他才会轻松自如、富有创造力。 如果有人很肯定地告诉我他会说两门语言并且同样精通，我会马上问他用哪门语言来数数和运算，他用哪门语言能准确地给出厨房用具和木工或者铁匠的工具的名称，他做梦时说哪种语言。在我所遇见的人当中，在被问及这些问题时，都会承认其中一门语言是占次要地位的。 我可以很好地来描述这种情形，说法语时，我好像是走在美丽花园内一条被人精心照料的小路上，但在说德语时，我好像是在宏伟壮丽的森林里自由自在地漫步。 说法语时，我总是习惯于非常仔细地安排句子的节奏，总是追求表达的简洁，而在说德语时，这些也成为了我必须要做的事情。现在，我通过研究法国巴赫的作品，清楚地知道了什么样的文学风格适合我的本性。</div>[upload=mp3,17.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49888[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:33

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson18 Humorous Stories Story 1 Everyone jumped to pick the phone up when it rang. My brother was calling to announce the birth of his first child. My parents and I rushed to the hospital and met Nathan outside the maternity ward. "You've got to see the new baby!" "He's gorgeous!" At the entrance to the nursery, Nathan stopped to read the notice on the door. His face fell. "Only you can go in, Mom and Dad," he said, crestfallen. "I have to stay out here. The sign says PARENTS ONLY ADMITTED." My father roared with laughter. "You are the parent!" he told the new father. Story 2 Just after she received her driver's license, my daughter borrowed the family car. An hour later the phone rang. She had locked the car doors and the key to unlock them didn't work. "It must be the wrong key," she claimed. "If it's on the same key ring, then it's the right one," I assured her. "Mom," she said emphatically, "it doesn't work. The store owner tried, and so did another pedestrian. It's the wrong key!" "Try once more," I sighed. "Then walk home if it still doesn't work." A few minutes later the phone rang again. "The key works and I'm coming home now." "What happened?" I asked. "I was trying to unlock the wrong red car," she replied sheepishly. maternity 妇产科的 gorgeous 好的, 漂亮的 crestfallen 垂头丧气的 幽默故事 故事1 电话响起时，大家都争着去拿听筒。我哥哥打电话来告诉我们他的第一个孩子出生了。我和父母亲急匆匆赶到医院，在产科病房外面见到了我的哥哥内森。“你们一定要去看看我刚出生的儿子！”“他太漂亮了！”内森在婴儿室门口停下来看门上的通告。他的脸变得阴沉起来。“爸爸，妈妈，只有你们才能进去，”他垂头丧气地说。“我不得不呆在外面。牌子上说#只允许父母进入#。” 父亲大声地笑了。“你才是父亲呀！”他对这位新爸爸说。 故事2 女儿刚拿到驾照不久，就借了家里的车出去。一个小时后，电话铃响了。 她锁了车门，现在用钥匙打不开车门了。“肯定是钥匙拿错了，”她说。 “如果钥匙圈还是同一个，钥匙就没错，”我肯定地对她说。 “妈妈，”她斩钉截铁地说，“就是打不开。商店的店主试过了，另外一位行人也试过了。钥匙就是不对。” “再试一次吧，”我叹了口气，“还不行的话就走回家。” 几分钟后，电话铃又响了。“车门打开了，我现在就回家。” “怎么回事？”我问道。 “我一直在试图打开别人的一辆红色轿车，”她不好意思地回答道。</div>[upload=mp3,18.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49889[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:34

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson19 The Dead Sea Throughout history people all over the world have gone to special places where mineral-rich hot springs flow from beneath the earth@s surface. Countries with much volcanic activity such as Japan have many such hot springs and have established over time many customs related to taking baths in these special waters. But many other countries especially in Europe also have centuries-old traditions associated with visiting springs to cure certain types of illnesses. One of such oldest places in the world is located in present-day Jordan and Israel. Actually, it is not a spring, but rather a sea, the Dead Sea. The ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle wrote about the wonders of the Dead Sea 2500 years ago. It is also said that the Egyptian Queen Cleopatra used water from the Dead Sea to keep her skin beautiful. The Dead Sea, which has a 33 percent concentration of salts and minerals, is located at the lowest point on Earth, 390 meters below sea level. Because of this unique location, certain atmospheric, thermal, chemical and optical characteristics are found which occur nowhere else in the world. Of course, no fish can live in the Dead Sea, but no one can drown there either. The high concentration of salt allows a person to float on the surface of the water and read a newspaper without getting it wet. concentration 浓度 optical 光学的 死海 从古至今，世界各地的人们都去那些能从地下流出一些富含矿物质的温泉的特别的地方。火山活动频繁的国家如日本，有许多这样的温泉，并且长期以来形成了许多与在这些特殊水中沐浴有关的习俗。但很多其他国家，尤其是在欧洲，人们也到泉水中治疗某些疾病，这是有了上百年历史的古老传统。 世界上这种最古老的地方之一就位于今天的约旦和以色列。实际上，它不是温泉，更应说是个海：死海。两千五百年前，古希腊哲学家亚里士多德就写下了有关死海奇迹的记述。据说埃及女王克利奥帕特拉用死海的水保持皮肤的美丽。 死海中盐和矿物质的浓度是百分之三十三，它位于世界上的最低点：低于海平面三百九十米。由于这种独特的地理位置，这里有世界上其他地方找不到的某些大气、热、化学和光学的特征。当然，死海里没有鱼，但人在那里不会溺水。高浓度的盐能让人能浮在海面阅读报纸而不会把报纸打湿。</div>[upload=mp3,19.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49890[/upload]

ballack 发表于 2008-3-1 21:35

<div id="enText" style="DISPLAY: block;">Lesson20 Sleep Scientists suggest that today, most adults get up to two hours' less sleep than they need. As a result those lacking in sleep are forgetful, tired, less productive and grumpy. Sleep is the time when our bodies and minds are rested and restored. There are two types of sleep: Rapid Eye Movement and Non-REM. We need both types to be healthy. Rapid Eye Movement sleep is when we dream. Our brains are active, and our eyes have fast short movements, as if watching something. This type of sleep helps restore our mind. Non-REM sleep is when our brain and body slow down. Our heart rate slows and our breathing is regular. This type of sleep helps restore our body. We have twice as much Non-REM sleep as Rapid Eye Movement sleep each night. To get better sleep, have a regular time for sleeping and a routine before you go to bed. This will give your body the signal that it is time to sleep. Make sure the bed and bedroom are quiet and comfortable. If your bed is too hard or too soft, if you are too cold or too hot, you will not sleep well. For two hours before going to bed do not drink coffee or alcohol, or do not smoke or exercise. All these activities stimulate your body and make sleep difficult. grumpy 脾气坏的, 脾气暴躁的 睡眠 科学家指出当今大多数成年人的睡眠时间要比正常需要的时间少两个小时。结果是，睡眠不足的这些人健忘、疲惫、工作效率低下、性情乖戾。 睡眠是我们身体和心智休息和恢复的时间。睡眠有两种形式：快速眼动睡眠和非快速眼动睡眠。这两种睡眠我们都需要，以维护我们的健康。快速眼动睡眠时，我们在做梦。我们的大脑很活跃，眼睛在快速运动好像在看什么东西。这种形式的睡眠帮助我们恢复心智。非快速眼动睡眠时，我们的大脑和身体活动减少，心跳变慢，呼吸均匀。这种形式的睡眠帮助我们恢复体力。每天晚上，我们的非快速眼动睡眠时间是快速眼动睡眠时间的两倍。 要想睡得更好，睡觉的时间要有规律，睡觉前要有特定的程序。这样会给身体一个要睡觉了的信号。要确保床和卧室安静舒适。如果床太硬了或者太软了，身体太热了或者太冷了，都睡不好。睡觉前两个小时内不要喝咖啡或酒精饮料，不要抽烟或者锻炼身体。这些活动会使你的身体兴奋起来，使入睡变得困难。</div><div style="DISPLAY: block;"></div>[upload=mp3,20.mp3]viewFile.asp?ID=49891[/upload]

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背诵为王 第四册 文本+MP3

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