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常用介词连词的用法
在科技翻译中,我们最烦恼的大概就是介词或连词的翻译了,如果理解不准确,整个句子的意思都会有很大偏差。下面是我总结的一些常用介词和连词的用法:
For
(prep)为了,前往,代表,因为,尽管,对于,适合于,经过,对…支持,把…看作;
(conj)因为
A present for mary 给玛丽的礼物
I can do it for myself 我自己能做这件事
We set off for London 我们动身去伦敦
Red usfor danger 红色代表危险
What do you want for a present 你要怎样的东西作礼物
For existence 为了生存
Hei is learning English for the fun of it 他为了好玩才学习英语的
For several reasons 因为种种原因
For all his efforts,he didn’t succeed 他虽然竭尽全力还是没有成功
We ran for two miles 我们跑了两英里
用于for+名次或代词+不定式动词的名词短语中
The bell rang for the lesson to begin
That’s for you! 就是这样!
There’s……for you! 恰好相反
He just grabbed the money and left——there’s gratitude for you!
他抓了钱就走,你可真会感激人!
We can’t go for it is raining 我们不能走,因为正在下雨
A substitute for eggs 鸡蛋的替代品
Take for granted,mistook me for the librarian
视为当然,把我误认为是图书管理员
For one thing 第一
Name for her grandmother 为纪念她的祖母起的名字
Struggle for existence 生存竞争
Go out for a walk 出去散步
Leave for Shanghai 动身去上海
Vote for sb 投某人的票
Translate wold for word 逐字翻译
Take sb for a fool 把sb 当成傻瓜
Make way for the car to pass 给汽车让路
But for 如不是,如没有
For sb to 使sb 做sth
Oh for…. 但愿有;要是能有…该多好
She is coming for Christmas 她在圣诞节来(在…时间)
He paid 50 pence for the book 他付了50便士买这本书
We haven’t seen each other for ages 我们好久没见面了
FOR=free on rail 火车上交货
Spoke for all the members 代表全体成员发言
Took two steps back for every step forward 每前进一步向后退两步
Had an appointment for two o’clock 两点钟有一个约会
Not For Sale! 非卖品
With
(prep)有,以,用,同…,由于,和…一致,赞成,关于,就;尽管
To live with one’s parents 和父母同住
He agreed that he was wrong with a good grace. 他很大方地承认自己错了
Glass,handle with care! 玻璃小心轻放
You must do the work with more care 你 工作要再仔细些
A book with a blue cover 蓝色封面的书
To eat with a spoon 用勺子吃饭
To sail with the wind 顺风航行
Fight with sb 与某人打架
At peace with 与….和睦相处
Be patient with children 对孩子要有耐心
Excite with 因…而兴奋
They smiled with pleasure 他们高兴地微笑着
To vote with sb 投sb 的票
Away with 把…带走
In with 把…带进来
Out with 把…带出去
样子,状态用作功能词表示伴随的细节或状况
Just sat there with his mouth open 只张着嘴坐在那儿
Had trouble with the car 汽车出了毛病
Left the cat with the neighbors 把猫托邻居照顾
If it’s all right with you 如果你没异议的话
He is with us on that issue 在那个议题上他和我们观点一致
Plays with a symphony orchestra;is with a publishing company
在交响乐团内演奏;受雇于一个出版公司
With all her experience,she could not get a job 尽管有经验,她还是找不到工作
A dress identical with the one her sister just bought 和她姐姐刚买同一款式
With her permission,he left。I escaped with just a few bruises
获得她允许后,他离开了。我逃跑时只受了一些檫伤
My books,with my brother’s,make a sizable library。我的书加上弟弟的书能..
Comes to ¥29.95 with postage and handling 包括邮资和手续费总共是29.95
At ease with my peers 与我的同事关系融洽
后面加复合宾语,表示伴随关系!
Walk with a stick in one’s hand 手拿拐棍走路
Sleep with the window open 开着窗睡觉
【表示原因,条件,结果,让步等关系】由于;当(有)…情况下;如果有;虽然,尽管
Jump with joy 高兴得跳起来
Shake with cold 冷得发抖
With all his money,he is unhappy 尽管他有那么多钱,他也并不愉快
They are friendly with us 他们对我们很友好
与副词连用,构成祈使句
On with your shoes! 穿上鞋!down with terrorism!打倒恐怖主义!
Of
…..的,由…制成的,离,关于,对于
Several of my friends 我的几个朋友
(为了分开或从…..中解脱)
Robbed of one’s dignity,cured of distemper 剥夺了尊严;治愈了犬瘟热
从总体或组成中离开的
Give of one’s time;ost of the case。对某人得时间而言;两个她的朋友;大多数的情况
Very nice of you 你真好(在某人一方)
Slow of speech 就讲话来说很慢(就…来说)
Five minutes of two 差五分到两点(在…之前;直到)
Beloved of the family 被家人所热爱(被)
The idiot of a driver 那个白痴司机
Be quick of eye 眼快(表示在….方面)
Be ashamed of 因….而羞愧(表示起源,根源,原因)
Cure sb of a disease;Defraud sb of a thing 医好sb的病;骗去sb的东西
Of late years 近年来(表方位,时间等范围)
To
(prep)向,往,给...,于…,直到…为止,在…之前,比,对【表示程度,范围】到,达
(adv)醒过来;关上,关闭
He pointed to the clock 他指着那个钟
This will relieve pressure on the trains to some extent 这将会在一定程度上减轻对火车的压力
she sang the baby to sleep 她给孩子唱歌唱到孩子睡着(表状态,趋于,倾向)
bring the soup to the boil 请把汤煮沸(表示结果,导致)
wait until the lights change to green 等到绿灯亮了再走(同上)
check to check 脸贴脸(贴着)
face to face 面对面(对着)
count from 10 to 20 从10数到20(从…..到…)
I want a present to give to my wife 我要送我妻子一件礼物(给予)
The score was 9 to 5 得分是9比5(与…相比,比)
There are 100 pence to every pound 1英镑有100便士(表数量与单位的关系)
Drink to sb’s health 为某人的健康干杯(对…表示敬意)
5 to 4 差五分四点(指时间)在…之前;直到…为止
To date we have received more than five hunderd applications
到此时为止,我们已经收到了五百多份申请书
To the north of England 在英格兰的北方(表示相对的位置,在)
What’s your answer to that? 你对那件事的答案是什么?(对于,关于)
It’s 100 to 1 he’ll lose 他百分之百会输
He didn’t come to for half an hour after he’d hit his head (adv,醒过来)
他撞伤头后过了半小时才醒过来
The wind blew the door to 风把门给吹上了 (adv 关上,关闭)
Went to the city;turned to me 进城;转向我
Love him to distraction 如此爱他,以至于心神不宁(到…的范围或程度)
Nursed her back to health 精心照顾她,使她恢复健康
Looked for the top to the jar 寻找这个罐子的盖子(表归属或占有)
Waiting for an answer to my letter 等着对我那封信的回复
The brook runs parallel to the road 小河与路平行而流(与…有某种特定关系)
Dance to the tune 随着曲子起舞(作为…的伴随或补充)
Two cups to a pint 两杯一品脱(组成;构成)
Job responsibilities suited to her abilities 与她的能力相一致的工作
A book superior to his others 一本比他其他的书写得好的书(与…相比)
Went out to lunch 出去吃午饭(为了…的目的)
用在动词前表示不定式
I’d like to go;go if you want to 我想去;如果你想去的话就去吧
用于指明动词和它的补语之间的关系
Refer to a dictionary;refer me to a dictionary 查一本字典;叫我去查字典
与反身代词一起,用来指示独占或分离
Had the plane to ourselves 把飞机留给了我们自己
(adv)
Owls with feathers wrong end to 羽毛方向不对的猫头鹰(朝一个方向地;朝一个人或物地)
Pushed the door to 把门关上(处于关上的状态)
The patient come to 病人醒过来了(处于意识状态)
Sat down for lunch and fell to 坐下来开始狼吞虎咽地吃午饭(处于行动或专注的状态)
(表示对象)于;对于
Be kind to sb;be open to public;duty to the state对某人很好;向公众开放;对于国家的义务
The key to my office;belong to 我办公室的钥匙;属于(表示结合,归属)归于
表示适合;配合;按照;随同,伴随
Not to one’s taste;adopt it to one’s needs 不合…所好;适合某人的需要
Set words to music;put milk to coffee 给音乐谱写歌词;加牛奶于咖啡中
Fall to one’s opponent’s blows 受到对手的打击而倒下(表原因,由于)
Talk to oneself;keep oneself to oneself 自言自语;不与人来往(专对;转为…单独所用)
To and fro 来回地,来来往往地
From
(prep)从,今后,来自,由于
From the beginning to the end 从头至尾
Bread is made from flour 面包用面粉做成
She was nealy crying from the pain of her cut leg 割破的腿疼痛得使她几乎要哭了
Keep someone from making a mistake;liberation from bondage
不让某人犯错误;解开绷带 (离开,脱离;用以表示分离,转移或排除)
Know right from wrong 区分正误(表区别)
Faint from hunger 饿晕了(因为)
From now on; five years from now 从今以后;今后五年
From-scratch 从零开始的;白手起家的
From among;from before;from beneath;from without;from within;from…on
在…之中;从…以前;从…后面;从…下面;从…外面;从…的里面;从…时起(以来)
At
(prep)在,于,向,对准,在…方面;因为
At home;at 120 miles;at 85 在家;在120英里处;于85岁时
Look at me;aim straight at the mark 看着我;对目标瞄准(向;对准)
I laughed at his silliness 我笑他的愚蠢(对,因)
He good at French 擅长法语(在…方面)
It flies at about 900KM a hour以每小时900公里的速度飞行(表速度,程度,价格等)以
Questions came at us from all sides 从四面八方向我们涌来的问题(向,朝向某一方向)
At the dance 出席舞会(出席,在…出现)
At peace with one’s conscience 心安理得(在某一状态或情况下)
Rejoice at a victory 因胜利而欢欣鼓舞(根据,因为)
Exited at the rear gate 从后门溜走(以…方式;通过)
At my request 根据我的请求(根据;遵循)
At the mercy of the court 在法庭的宽容下(凭借)
At work 正在工作(正在)
The neighbors are at it again。 邻居们又吵起来了
In
(prep)在…之内(上),在…期间,从事于,符合,穿着(adj)在里面的,执政的
(adv)进入,朝里,在家,已到达,来临,时髦;(n)执政者
To engage in trade;to be weak in English 从事贸易;在英语方面不佳(从事;在…方面)
Dressed in rags;the man in the top hat 衣衫褴褛;戴着大礼帽的那人(穿着;戴着)
In this direction;in all direction 朝此方向;四面八方(往,向)
In the 20th century;in summer 在20世纪;在夏天(在…期间)
在…时间内;不到…的时间;在…之后
It’s two o’clock。I’ll come in an hour 现在是两点钟,我一小时后来
I’ll come and see you again in five days。 过五天我再来看你
In love; in a hurry 恋爱中;匆忙地(处于…状态)
In all 总计;一共
In that 因为
Paid in cash;followed in pursuit 以现金支付;跟踪
Six inches in depth;has faith in your judgment 深度为6英寸;确信你的判断(特指)
Runs batted in;singled the runner in 快跑回本垒;击出一垒安打(回本垒;得分)
The manager is in before anyone else 经理在别人来之前就到了(在某地)
Campaigned hard and was voted in 激烈竞争后当选(以获取成功或受宠职位)
The in party ; 执政党
the in thing to wear this season;the in crowd;这个季节的流行装束;赶时髦的人
you are in for a big surprise 你肯定会大吃一惊(保证得到或拥有)
be killed in action;go out in the rain; 阵亡;冒雨外出
in good condition;in doubt;in tears;in prison;情况良好;怀疑;满面泪水;在监狱(服刑)
in public;in fun ;in secret; in earnest 公开地;开玩笑;秘密地;急切地(以,按照)
do sth in return;in response to ;in answer to;做某事作为报答;响应,随…而;回答
there is ten yuan in the bill for freight 发票中包括运费十元(包含在..之中)
all the ins and outs of a problem 问题的来龙去脉
be in at 参加,参与
be in for 遭受;参加(竞赛等);请求得到(工作,职位,空缺等)
be in for it 陷入困境;骑虎难下;怀胎;有孕
be in it (口)从事,参加在内
be in it up to the neck 深陷;沉迷
be in on it (口)熟悉内情;参与(计划)等
day in,day out 一天又一天;日复一日
have it in for sb (口)对某人怀恨在心,伺机报复
in and out 进进出出
in between 在…之间
in with 和…相处得很好,和…又交情
in with it! 把它装进去吧!
In with you! (口)进里面去吧!
However(=no matter how)
(adv)无论如何,可是,仍然,究竟;(conj)不管用何种方法,然而,可是
He can answer the question however hard it is 不管问题多难他都能回答
However did you get here? 你是怎么到这里来的?(how的加强语气)
He hasn’t arrived。He may,however,come later 他还未到,不过,他可能过会儿来
“I’d like to go with you,however,my hands are full 我很想和你一块去,可是我忙不过来
However abundent certain natual resources may be,they cannot reproduce themselves and are bound to be used up ultimately。不管某些自然资源多么丰富,他们不会再生,终究要被用完
However he did it,it was very clever 不管他是怎么做的,他做得很聪明(adv)
Dress however you like 你喜欢怎么穿就怎么穿
Whatsoever (pron)无论什么 no power whatsoever 不管是什么力量
Nevertheless (conj)然而,不过;(adv)仍然,不过
She was very tired,nevertheless she kept on working 它虽然很疲倦,可仍在继续工作
He is stupid,but I like him nevertheless 他是很笨,然而我喜欢他
Anyway (adv) 无论如何,总之 I shall go and see him anyway 无论如何我要去看他
I don’t know if it was lost or stolen;anyway,it’s gone
我不知道它是丢了还是被偷了,不管怎么说,它没了
Regardless(adj)不管,不顾;(adv)无论如何;不管
He says what he thinks,regardless of other people’s feelings他怎么想怎么说,不考虑别人情绪
Moreover(adv)而且,此外
Also(adv)也;同样;而且;除此之外
Besides(adv)此外;(prep)除…之外
In addition (adv)另外
Furthermore(adv)而且,此外
Likewise(adv)同样地,照样地,又,也(n)同样地
Now(adv)现在,目前,此刻,立刻,马上(conj)既然,由于(+that)
Now,stop crying! 好了,别哭了
Now,listen to me 那么,听我说
Even now 即使如此,尽管这样
Then(adv)当时,在那时,那么,因而,然后,于是
If you want to go home,then go。 你要回家就回家吧;
Go into the cave,then they won’t see you 躲进洞里去,那他们就看不到你了
And then 然后;而;but then(again)不过;
the case,then,is closed 结果,箱子被关上了
this project will take all our skill and then some
这个工程将采用我们所有的技术,而且远不止此
Before then 那时以前
But then 但是,但是另一方面
By then 到那时候
Now then (抗议;警告,唤起注意时)可是;喂!
Now and then 间或;时时;不时地
Well,then 既然如此
What then 下步怎么办;那便会怎么样呢?
Then and there 当时,当场
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